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Cyclura cornuta onchiopsis
The Navassa Island iguana (''Cyclura cornuta onchiopsis'') was a subspecies of rhinoceros iguana that was found on the Caribbean island of Navassa. It is "undoubtedly" extinct.〔Powell, R. (2000). ''Cyclura onchiopsis'' Cope Navassa Island Rhinoceros Iguana. ''Catalogue of American Amphibians and Reptiles.'' 710: 1-3.〕
==Taxonomy==
The generic name (''Cyclura'') is derived from the Ancient Greek ''cyclos'' (κύκλος) meaning "circular" and ''ourá'' (οὐρά) meaning "tail", after the thick-ringed tail characteristic of all ''Cyclura''. Its specific name, ''cornuta'', is the feminine form of the Latin adjective ''cornutus'', meaning "horned" and refers to the horned projections on the snouts of males of the species. The species was first described by American herpetologist Edward Drinker Cope in 1885.〔
In 1885, Cope first described the lizard as two species in the same paper: ''C. onchiopsis'' and ''C. nigerrima'', due to the animal's almost black coloration. A year later he renamed it as ''C. onchiopsis''.〔〔Cope, E.D. (1886). "On the species of Iguaninae". ''Proceedings of the American Philosopher's Society''. 23 (122): 261-271〕 Herpetologists Albert Schwartz and Richard Thomas officially reclassified it as a subspecies of ''C. cornuta'' 90 years later, based on the writings of Thomas Barbour and Robert Mertens, yet presented numerous data relating to scale count that suggested otherwise.〔Schwartz, A. and R. Thomas. (1975). ''A check-list of West Indian amphibians and reptiles''. Carnegie Museum of Natural History. Pittsburgh.(1):1-216.〕 In 1977, Schwartz and Carey wrote “It is even conceivable that ''onchiopsis'' should be considered a species distinct from ''C. cornuta'' on the basis of this single character (distinctly smaller dorsolateral scales) (plus perhaps other modalities), but to do so would obscure its obvious affinities with the latter species.”〔Schwartz, A., and M. Carey. (1977). "Systematics and evolution in the West Indian iguanid genus ''Cyclura''". ''Studies in Fauna of the Curaçao Caribbean Islands'' 53:15-97.〕
In 1999, Dr Robert Powell wrote that, based on these prior studies, this animal should be elevated to full species status, distinct from ''C. cornuta''.〔
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